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Artiodactyla Id code: amd157

Bovidae

Cephalophus zebra

Gray, 1838

(Eng) Zebra duiker

(Fre) Céphalophe zèbré

Taxonomic notes

General agreement exists concerning the taxonomic status of this species (Wilson & Reeder, 1993).

IUCN threat category

Vulnerable (VU: criteria A1c, C1).

Available information

Literature available on the ecology of the species is very scarce. Except for the behavioural study in captivity conducted by Schweers (1984), no specific studies on this species have been carried out. General information on its ecology and an updated distribution map can be found in Kingdon (1997). East (1990) discusses status and distribution, and also gives some information on its habitat requirements.

Known extent of occurrence

The zebra duiker is restricted to west Ivory Coast, Liberia and Sierra Leone (Wilson & Reeder, 1993; Wilson & Wilson, 1990). Its distribution map was obtained by including the whole of Liberia, the Ivory Coast country map in East (1990) and the Gola Forest area in Sierra Leone (Davies, 1987). Dr. R. East revised the preliminary map (23 June '97) (Fig. 8.6.64.a).

Categorical-discrete (CD) distribution model

The species appears to be dependent on primary forest, but it may also occur in secondary growth and cultivation (Kingdon, 1997; East, 1990).

Based on these environmental preferences, the following scores were assigned (Fig. 8.6.64.b) (8.6.64.a):

Score

 

1

Forests.

2

Forest mosaics.

3

Savannas and croplands.

 

suitable

moderately suitable

unsuitable

Total

km2

%

km2

%

km2

%

km2

%

103 980

61

55 587

33

10 426

6

169 993

100

Tab 8.6.64.a: Cumulative size (km2) of areas pertaining to each environmental suitability class within the Extent of Occurrence.

Number Patches (NP)

Mean Patch Size (MPS) km2

Patch Size SD (PSSD) km2

Largest Patch Index (LPI) %

Mean Shape Index (MSI)

Area-Weighted Mean Shape Index (AWMSI)

suitable

46

2 264

14 913

64.22

1.48

18.56

moderately suitable

217

254

1 947

17.31

1.37

9.17

Total AO

2

79 650

79 625

99.98

3.35

5.7

Tab 8.6.64.b: Area of Occupancy fragmentation indexes.

Probabilistic-continuous (PC) distribution model

The output of the probabilistic-continuous (PC) distribution model is shown in Fig. 8.6.64.c

Validation

No occurrence of the species within the four sample areas.

Comments and conservation issues

This little known species occurs in a small EO which is mostly suitable. It is likely that the species also occurs in the southern forested part of Guinea and the EO limit there should be verified. The total AO is about 150 000 km2 and it is fragmented relatively little: the LPI shows that it is almost a single patch, although the suitable areas are sufficiently fragmented and connected through the moderately suitable areas. Less than 4% of the total AO is included in existing protected areas. This, and the fact that this duiker, like most duikers, is heavily hunted and trapped, account for its classification as vulnerable.

SUITABILITY CLASS

inside

outside

Total

suitable

2.50

58.67

61.17

moderately suitable

1.15

31.55

32.70

unsuitable

0.13

6

6.13

Total

3.79

96.21

100

Tab 8.6.64.c: Percent of environmental suitability classes within EO (as obtained from the categorical-discrete distribution model) inside and outside the protected areas.

References

Davies A.G. (1987). The Gola Forest Reserves, Sierra Leone. Wildlife conservation and forest management. IUCN, Gland - Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

East R. (Ed.) (1990). Antelopes Global Survey and Regional Action Plans. Part 3: West and Central Africa. IUCN/SSC Antelope Specialist Group.

Kingdon J. (1997). The Kingdon field guide to African Mammals. Academic Press, London and New York: Natural World.

Schweers S. (1984). Zur Fortpflanzungsbiologie des Zebraduckers Cephalophus zebra (Gray, 1838) im Vergleich zu anderen Cephalophus-Arten. Z. Sõugetierk.: 49, 21-36.

Wilson D.E., Reeder D.M. (Eds) (1993). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Second edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.

Wilson V.J., Wilson B.L.P. (1990). Notes on the duikers of Sierra Leone. Arnoldia Zimb.: 9(33), 451-462.